Parts of AR-15: A Comprehensive Guide
When it comes to the AR-15, understanding its various components is crucial for both enthusiasts and professionals. This firearm, known for its versatility and reliability, is composed of several key parts that work together to ensure optimal performance. Let’s delve into the intricacies of each component to help you gain a deeper understanding of this iconic firearm.
Receiver
The receiver is the heart of the AR-15, serving as the central framework that holds all the other parts together. It is typically made of aluminum or steel and is available in two types: the lower receiver and the upper receiver.
| Lower Receiver | Upper Receiver |
|---|---|
| Contains the magazine well, trigger assembly, and fire control group. | Holds the barrel, bolt carrier group, and gas system. |
| Required for registration and ownership in some states. | Available in various calibers and barrel lengths. |
Barrel
The barrel is the longest and most critical component of the AR-15, as it determines the firearm’s caliber and effective range. It is typically made of stainless steel or aluminum and features rifling, which imparts spin to the bullet for improved accuracy.
- Caliber: The barrel’s caliber determines the type of ammunition it can fire. Common calibers include .223 Remington, 5.56 NATO, and .308 Winchester.
- Length: Barrel lengths vary from 10.5 inches to 24 inches, with the most popular being 16 inches and 20 inches.
- Material: Stainless steel is preferred for its durability and corrosion resistance, while aluminum is lighter and more cost-effective.
Bolt Carrier Group
The bolt carrier group is responsible for cycling the firearm, including feeding the ammunition, extracting the spent casing, and chambering a new round. It consists of several components, including the bolt, carrier, gas key, and firing pin.
- Bolt: The bolt is the main component that moves back and forth, extracting and chambering rounds.
- Carrier: The carrier supports the bolt and guides it during the cycling process.
- Gas Key: The gas key is a locking piece that secures the bolt carrier group to the upper receiver.
- Firing Pin: The firing pin is responsible for striking the primer of the ammunition, igniting the propellant.
Gas System
The gas system is responsible for controlling the amount of gas that is bled from the barrel to cycle the firearm. It consists of the gas block, gas tube, and gas key.
- Gas Block: The gas block is attached to the barrel and controls the flow of gas into the gas tube.
- Gas Tube: The gas tube carries the gas from the barrel to the bolt carrier group.
- Gas Key: The gas key is a locking piece that secures the gas block to the upper receiver.
Handguard
The handguard is the component that covers the barrel and provides a grip for the shooter. It is available in various materials, including aluminum, polymer, and carbon fiber, and can be customized with accessories such as rails and sights.
- Material: Aluminum is the most common material due to its strength and durability.
- Length: Handguards vary in length, with the most popular being 6 inches and 15 inches.
- Customization: Handguards can be equipped with various accessories, such as Picatinny rails, to mount sights, lights, and other accessories.
Stock
The stock is the component that supports the shooter’s shoulder and allows for comfortable and accurate shooting. It is available in various materials, including wood, polymer, and composite, and can be adjusted for length and height.
- Material: Polymer stocks are lightweight and durable
