How to Properly Clean an AR-15: A Detailed Guide

Keeping your AR-15 in top condition is crucial for its performance and longevity. Regular cleaning not only ensures that your firearm operates smoothly but also extends its lifespan. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the process of cleaning your AR-15 step by step, covering all the necessary components and tools.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before you start cleaning your AR-15, gather the following tools and materials:

Ensure that you have a clean, well-lit area to work in, and that you wear safety glasses and hearing protection to protect yourself from any debris or noise.

Step 1: Field Strip the AR-15

Field stripping is the process of disassembling the firearm for cleaning. Follow these steps to field strip your AR-15:

1. Remove the magazine and ensure the chamber is clear of ammunition.
2. Lower the bolt and remove the bolt carrier group (BCG) by pulling it back and locking it to the rear.
3. Remove the bolt from the BCG by pulling it out of the receiver.
4. Remove the gas key by prying it out with a flathead screwdriver.
5. Remove the upper receiver from the lower receiver by pulling it forward and lifting it up.

Step 2: Clean the Upper Receiver

Start by cleaning the upper receiver, which includes the receiver itself, the bolt carrier group, and the bolt:

1. Use a cleaning brush to remove any loose debris from the receiver and BCG.
2. Apply solvent to a patch and wipe down the receiver and BCG to remove any remaining grime.
3. Use a patch soaked in solvent to clean the bolt and bolt carrier.
4. Blow out any remaining solvent and debris with compressed air.

Step 3: Clean the Barrel and Chamber

The barrel and chamber are critical components that require thorough cleaning:

1. Insert the AR-15 cleaning rod into the barrel and attach the brush.
2. Apply solvent to the brush and scrub the barrel from the breech end to the muzzle.
3. Use a patch soaked in solvent to clean the chamber and breech face.
4. Blow out any remaining solvent and debris with compressed air.

Step 4: Clean the Gas System

The gas system is responsible for directing gas from the barrel to the bolt carrier group. Clean it thoroughly:

1. Remove the gas key from the BCG.
2. Use a cleaning brush to remove any debris from the gas key and gas tube.
3. Apply solvent to a patch and wipe down the gas key and gas tube.
4. Blow out any remaining solvent and debris with compressed air.

Step 5: Reassemble the AR-15

Once all components are clean, reassemble the firearm:

1. Insert the bolt into the BCG and lock it to the rear.
2. Insert the BCG into the upper receiver and ensure it is fully seated.
3. Install the gas key